ARTYKUŁ NAUKOWY
Processes of globalisation and small and medium-sized cities
			
	
 
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				1
				Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń
				 
			 
						
				2
				Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń,
				 
			 
						
				3
				University of Humanities and Economics in Łódź
				 
			 
										
				
				
		
		 
			
			
		
		
		
		
		
			
			 
			Data publikacji: 29-12-2023
			 
		 			
		 
	
							
																			
		
	 
		
 
 
Stosunki Międzynarodowe – International Relations 2022;58:69-93
		
 
 
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
STRESZCZENIE
Progressive urbanization, economic integration, and development of modern technologies lead to the emergence of a new generation of globally networked cities attracting capital, ideas and people. Size is not the most significant factor influencing the importance of a city. At least equally important are innovation, activity in city networks, the activity of the inhabitants and the quality of life. 15 years ago, Taylor et al. suggested that “it is no longer possible to talk of ‘non-global’ cities”. The research problem of this paper corresponds with the statement, addressing the question whether and how small and medium-sized cities show their manifestations of globalization. The hypothesis is that cities, regardless of size, show some signs of it. Such manifestations may be classified as political, economic, socio-cultural, and other. The conclusions confirm that the hypothesis has been positively verified. As a result of the application of probability sampling methods, the cities chosen for examination include the European cities of Aarhus (Denmark), Basel (Switzerland), and Tallinn (Estonia) as they are representative for numerous small and medium-sized cities.