Back in 1918, Poland Reborn faced a diversity of challenges, i.e. building from scratch its statehood, and boosting its status and position with regard to the closest and more distant players on the international political scene. The hostile policy pursued toward Poland by the former partitioning powers, especially Bolshevik Russia, and later on also by Nazi Germany, called for staunch determination in defending the country’s reason d’etre. A particular challenge consisted in determining, with the aid of both diplomatic and military means, the territorial shape of the state, and defending its borders. The reconstruction of statehood required internal consolidation and well concerted efforts. It proved necessary to rethink the factors actually determining the country’s independence, both in historical and geographical terms. Within this brand-new geopolitical order, Poland had to make strategic choices, even though it was not availed of an opportunity of self-determination, especially after World War II. Not only did the fact of regaining independence after 1989 cause a major change in the country’s geopolitical situation, reversal of strategic alliances and ideological affiliations, but it also brought about a number of brand-new interrelationships and types of determinism. In view of the forthcoming celebrations of the 100th anniversary of Poland’s independence, all the above-referenced issues should become the subject of prudent reflection, as well as an in-depth political assessment.